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| Publication Type:
| Proceedings |
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| Material Type: | Chapter |
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| Author(s): | Baker, S. W.;
Cole, A. R.;
Thornton, S. L. |
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| Author Affiliation: | The Sports Turf Research Institute |
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| Title: | The effect of sand type on ball impacts, angle of repose and stability of footing in golf bunkers |
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| Section: | Golf course management and the environment |
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| Volume Editors: | Cochran, A. J. |
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| Meeting Info.: | University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, Scotland: July 9-13, 1990 |
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| Monographic Source: | Science and Golf, 1990, p. 352-357. |
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| Publishing Information: | London, England: E. & F. N. Spon |
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| Edition: | 1st |
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| # of Pages: | 6 |
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| Keywords: | TIC Keywords: Bunkers; Sand; Plugging; Ball marks; Particle size; Ball rebound resilience; Playability
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| Abstract/Contents: | "If bunkers are to be a fair hazard to the golfer it is important that when a ball lands from a high iron shot, the sand surface is neither so hard that the ball bounces out of the hazard nor too soft so that the ball plugs to an excessive depth. The stability for footing is also important and ideally the sand should stack to a high angle as this reduces maintenance requirements. Ball impacts were measured after firing balls into different sands at an angle of 71°, velocity of 19 m s-1 and with a backspin of 597 rad s-1. The ball response varied from impacts in which the ball bounced from the sand surface to those where the entire ball was below the initial sand level. Grain size and uniformity were the main characteristics influencing plugging depth, although raking of the sand and variation in moisture content also influence the results. Stability, measured as penetration resistance, was related primarily to sphericity and the uniformity of the particle size distribution and angle of repose was most closely related to the angularity of the grains." |
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| ISBN: | 0419151303
0203838661 |
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| ISBN-13: | 9780419151302
9780203838662
9780415595216 |
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| Language: | English |
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| References: | 8 |
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| Note: | "Proceedings of the First World Scientific Congress of Golf"
Tables |
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| ASA/CSSA/SSSA Citation (Crop Science-Like - may be incomplete):
Baker, S. W., A. R. Cole, and S. L. Thornton. 1990. The effect of sand type on ball impacts, angle of repose and stability of footing in golf bunkers. In Cochran, A. J. (ed.) Science and Golf. 1st ed. London, England: E. & F. N. Spon. |
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About WorldCat
Accession number: 23211462
Accession number: 680433909
Accession number: 757010602
Accession number: 634160307
Accession number: 613028512
Accession number: 605552334
Accession number: 633693507
Accession number: 892188834
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Accession number: 39106823 Note: caution -- serial record (library holdings may not correspond with this volume)
Accession number: 265261366 Note: caution -- monographic series record (library holdings may not correspond with this volume)
Accession number: 715169763 Note: 1992 reprint
Accession number: 476428015 Note: 1992 reprint |
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MSU catalog number: b5345067 |
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