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| Publication Type:
| Refereed |
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| Author(s): | Smith, A. E. |
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| Author Affiliation: | Crop and Soil Sciences Department, University of Georgia, Griffin, Georgia, USA |
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| Title: | Potential pesticide and nitrate transport in surface water from turfgrass in the south eastern United States |
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| Section: | Environmental issues: Contribtued papers
Other records with the "Environmental issues: Contribtued papers" Section
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| Meeting Info.: | Sydney, Australia: 1997 |
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| Source: | International Turfgrass Society Research Journal. Vol. 8, No. Part 1, 1997, p. 197-204. |
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| Publishing Information: | Blacksburg, VA: International Turfgrass Society |
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| # of Pages: | 8 |
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| Keywords: | TIC Keywords: Ammonium nitrate; Dicamba; Mecoprop; Disodium methyl arsenate; 2,4-D; Chlorothalonil; Dithiopyr; Chlorpyrifos; Benfluralin; Pendimethalin; Leaching; Precipitation; Surface runoff; Solubility; Models
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| Geographic Terms: | Southeastern USA |
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| Abstract/Contents: | "Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. x C. transvaalensis Burtt-Davy cv. 'Tifway' plots (3.7 x 7.4 m) were developed with a 5% slope and instrumented with a tipping-bucket measuring/sub-sampling system to measure water runoff and collect sub-samples for pesticide analysis. The individual treatments were ammonium nitrate (21.7 kg NO³-N ha⁻¹), dimethylamine (DMA) dicamba (0.3 kg ae ha⁻¹), DMA mecoprop (1.1 kg ae ha⁻¹), DMA and 2,4-D (1.1 kg ae ha^D]^D]1), chlorothalonil (9.5 kg ai ha⁻¹), dithiopyr (0.6 kg ai ha⁻¹), chlorpyrifos (1.1 kg ai ha⁻¹), benefin (1.7 kg ai ha⁻¹) and pendimethalin (1.7 kg ai ha⁻¹. The treatments were blocked by date of application, replicated six times, and repeated over two years. Selection of specific treatment dates was based on meteorological forecasts that allowed for at a least a 72-hr period with a low probability of rain. Rain was simulated at 24 (5.0 cm), 48 (5.0 cm), 96 (2.5 cm), and 192 (2.5 cm) hours after treatment using Wobbler off-center rotary action sprinkler heads mounted 7.4 cm apart and 3.1 m above the grass surface. The system was operated at 138 kPa resulting in a even distribution of water at an intensity of 2.7 cm h⁻¹. Analytes in the runoff water were extracted and analysed by GC-ECD. Approximately 40, 60, 40, and 40% of the applied water was accounted for as runoff from the respective simulated rain events. Fraction of applied analytes transported from the plots ranged from 16.4% of NO₃-N to 0.01% for benefin and pendimethalin. The relationship of fraction transported to the log of the analyte solubility in water (pSw) was better fitted by a quadratic (y = a-bx+c) (R² = 0.96) than a linear (y = a-bx) function (R² = .86)." |
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| Language: | English |
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| References: | 14 |
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| See Also: | Other items relating to: RUNOFF
Other items relating to: 2, 4 - D in Turf |
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| Note: | Figures
Tables |
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| ASA/CSSA/SSSA Citation (Crop Science-Like - may be incomplete):
Smith, A. E. 1997. Potential pesticide and nitrate transport in surface water from turfgrass in the south eastern United States. Int. Turfgrass Soc. Res. J. 8(Part 1):p. 197-204. |
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