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| Publication Type:
| Popular |
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| Author(s): | Cox, Caroline |
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| Author Affiliation: | Editor, Journal of Pesticide Reform |
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| Title: | 2,4-D: Ecological effects |
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| Section: | Herbicide factsheet
Other records with the "Herbicide factsheet" Section
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| Source: | Journal of Pesticide Reform. Vol. 19, No. 3, Fall 1999, p. 14-19. |
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| Publishing Information: | Eugene, OR: Northwest Coalition for Alternatives to Pesticides |
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| # of Pages: | 6 |
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| Keywords: | TIC Keywords: 2,4-D; Pesticide profile; Environmental effects; Wildlife; Water quality; Toxicity; Disease severity; Nitrogen-fixing bacteria
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| Abstract/Contents: | "2,4-D is a widely used herbicide in the phenoxy family with a startling number of adverse effects on species other than the weeds it is designed to kill. 2,4-D reduces successful hatching of bird eggs, and destroys birds' food and nesting habitat. It is acutely toxic to earthworms and harms beneficial insects. Both 2,4-D (particularly the butoxyethanol ester) and a 2,4-D breakdown product (2,4-d dichlorophenol) are acutely toxic to fish. Increased risk of lymphoma in dogs has been associated with 2,4-d exposure. A National Cancer Institute study found that owners of dogs with lymphoma had treated their lawns with 2,4-D (or hired lawn care companies) more frequently than owners of dogs without the disease. 2,4-D causes genetic damage in barley, wheat rice, and onions. 2,4-D treatment can increase insect damage by increasing pest insects' ability to reproduce. 2,4-D can also increase the severity of plant diseases, including tomato early blight, tobacco mosaic virus, and corn leaf blight. Rhizobium is a nitrogen-fixing bacteria found on the roots of legumes. 2,4-D reduces its growth and nitrogen-fixing ability, as well as the growth and nitrogen-fixing ability of several species of blue-green algae." Describes the effects of 2,4-D on amphibians,crabs, shellfish, earthworms, insects, small mammals, wildlife, livestock, pets, and crops. |
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| Language: | English |
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| References: | 85 |
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| See Also: | Other items relating to: 2, 4 - D in Turf |
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| Note: | Figures
Graphs |
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| ASA/CSSA/SSSA Citation (Crop Science-Like - may be incomplete):
Cox, C. 1999. 2,4-D: Ecological effects. J. Pest. Reform. 19(3):p. 14-19. |
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MSU catalog number: SB 950.2 .A1 .J58 |
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