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| Author(s): | Barakhtenova, L. A.;
Nikolaevskii, V. S |
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| Author Affiliation: | Vsesoyuznyi Proektno-tekhnologicheskii Institut Khimizatsii Sel'skogo Khozyaistva, Nemchinovka, Moscow, USSR |
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| Title: | The effect of sulfur dioxide on the photochemical activity and photophosphorylation of C3- and C4-plants |
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| Source: | Academy of Sciences of the USSR. Biology Bulletin. Vol. 10, No. 1, 1983, p. 65-73. |
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| Publishing Information: | USSR |
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| # of Pages: | 9 |
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| Keywords: | TIC Keywords: Panicum miliaceum; Air pollution; Sulfur dioxide; Photosynthesis; Inhibitors; Festuca pratensis; Phleum pratense; Pollution; Festuca; Phleum; Panicum; Chloroplasts
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| Abstract/Contents: | "In C3- andC4-plants which differ in their resistance to SO2, the photochemical activity of chloroplasts and photophosphorylation has been studied. The effect on these processes of sulfur dioxide and diuron (the inhibitor of photosystem II) has also been studied in order to determine the role and stability of noncyclic and cylic electron transport. It has been established that the photochemical activity of chloroplasts and the intensity of photophosphorylation reflect the differences between plant groups and species in the intensity of photosynthesis and gas-resistance. The initial effect of sulfur dioxide is to activate the Hill reaction, which coincides with the phase in which photosynthesis is activated, and then it inhibits the photochemical activity, photophysphorylation, and causes a deep, stable suppression of photosynthesis. The similar effects of SO2 and diuron on photophosphorylation, and also the SO2 induced shift in the temperature maximum of the Hill reaction toward the lower temperature region prove that photosystem II and noncyclic photophosphorylation are highly sensitive to sulfur dioxide. The mechanism by which sulfur dioxide gas inhibits photosynthesis in plants is by upsetting the activity of photosystem II and by inhibiting the photochemical activity and noncyclic photophosphorylation. This decreases the chloroplast contents of ATP andc NADPH, which are needed for regenerating the acceptor of CO2, RBP (ribulose biphosphate) and PEP (phosphoenolpyruvate), and for the metobolic conversions of carbon. A bioenergetically new phenominon has been observed, i.e., the dark-synthesis of ATP in the chloroplasts of leaves from C4- and CAM-plants. It is proposed that this might be highly significant for increasing the photosynthetic activity and productivity of these plant groups and that it reflects their ecological adaptability to higher temperatures." |
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| Language: | English |
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| References: | 34 |
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| Note: | Translated from Izvestiya Akademii Nauk SSSR, Biologicheskaya (1983) No.1, 90-99
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| ASA/CSSA/SSSA Citation (Crop Science-Like - may be incomplete):
Barakhtenova, L. A., and V. S. Nikolaevskii. 1983. The effect of sulfur dioxide on the photochemical activity and photophosphorylation of C3- and C4-plants. Academy of Sciences of the USSR. Biology Bulletin. 10(1):p. 65-73. |
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