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| Publication Type:
| Report |
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| Content Type: | Abstract or Summary only |
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| Author(s): | Unruh, J. B.;
Brecke, B. J. |
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| Author Affiliation: | University of Florida, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, West Florida Research and Education Center, Jay, FL |
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| Title: | Impact of quinclorac on newly sprigged warm-season turfgrasses |
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| Section: | Section II: Weed management in turf, pasture, and rangeland
Other records with the "Section II: Weed management in turf, pasture, and rangeland" Section
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| Meeting Info.: | 54th Annual Meeting, Biloxi, Mississippi: January 22-24, 2001 |
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| Source: | Southern Weed Science Society Proceedings. Vol. 54, 2001, p. 71-72. |
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| Publishing Information: | Champaign, IL: Southern Weed Science Society. |
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| # of Pages: | 2 |
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| Keywords: | TIC Keywords: Quinclorac; Oxadiazon; Sprigging; Warm season turfgrasses; Weed control; Shoot growth; Root growth; Chlorosis; Necrosis; Auxins; Application timing; Paspalum vaginatum; Cynodon dactylon; Cynodon transvaalensis; Zoysia japonica; Percent living ground cover; Visual evaluation; Application rates; Crabgrass control; Eleusine indica
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| Cultivar Names: | Salam; Tifdwarf; TifSport; Meyer |
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| Abstract/Contents: | "Weed control on newly sprigged warm-season turfgrass is paramount to having a successful, rapid established turf. Conventional herbicide programs using dinitroanilines herbicides typically cause aberrant rooting thus retarding the grow-in. Oxidiazon is the industry standard and sole option for preemergence weed control in newly sprigged warm-season turf. A possible new alternative is quinclorac, an herbicide belonging to a new class of highly selective auxin-type herbicides. In sensitive broadleaf weeds, typical auxin-type herbicide symptoms (cupping and twisting) are expressed. In sensitive grass species, however, quinclorac causes inhibition of shoot and root growth with subsequent tissue chlorosis and necrosis, not typical of other auxin-type products. In the southern United States, quinclorac has been successfully used to control torpedograss (Panicum repens L.) in established bermudagrass (Cynodon spp.) with no adverse effects. Consequently, the safety of using quinclorac on newly sprigged turf comes into question. Therefore, our objective was to document the effect of quinclorac applications on sprigged warm-season turf species when applied: seven days before to sprigging (7 DBS), at sprigging (@ Sprig), fourteen days after sprig emergence (DAE), and 28 DAE. A study was conducted at the West Florida Research and Education Center-Jay using a split-plot experimental design with four replications. Main plots measuring 3.1 m x 10.67 m were turfgrass species that included 'Salam' Seasure Paspalum (Paspalum vaginatum Swartz.), 'Tifdwarf' and 'TifSport' bermudagrass, and 'Meyer' zoysiagrass (Zoysia japonica Steud.). Split plots measuring 1.5 m x 3.0 m were herbicide treatments including quinclorac 75DF at 0.84 Kg ha-1 (0.75 A/A) at the aforementioned timings, oxydiazon 2G at 2.24 kg ha-1 (2 lbs A/A) applied at 7 DBS and @ Sprig, and an untreated control (UTC). Plots were sprayed on 04 Aug. 2000 (7 DBS), 11 Aug. 2000 (@ Sprig), 19 Aug. 2000 (14 DAE), and 11 Sep. 2000 (28 DAE) using a CO2 backpack sprayer calibrated to deliver 190 L/ha at 140 kPa using 11002 nozzles. The plot area was an Orangeburg fine sandy loam with 2.2% O.M., 77% sand, 14% silt, and 9% clay. Plots were sprigged with turf species on 11 Aug. 2000 and irrigation and nutrient applications were adequate to support maximum sprig establishment. Data collected included rate of turf coverage (% Cover) and turf visual quality (1-9 scale; 1=dead turf, 9=best; 6.5 min. acceptable quality), and visual weed control (%). At one month after sprigging, there were no differences on % cover for 'Tifdwarf' bermudagrass and 'Meyer' zoysiagrass. For 'Tifsport' bermudagrass, no differences between quinclorac applications were noted, however, cover was reduced by 50% when oxidiazon was applied 7 DBS. For 'Salam' seashore paspalum, oxidiazon applications at 7 DBS and @ Sprig, reduced cover by 32 and 41% respectively. By seven weeks after sprigging, differences in plot coverage were noted only for 'Salam' seashore paspalum. Both oxidiazon timings reduced turf grow-in by 27% when compared with the UTC. No differences were seen with quinclorac applications. A reduction in turf quality was noted with both oxidiazon timings, however, these treatments were still above the minimum acceptable quality. At twelve weeks after sprigging, 'Tifdwarf' bermudagrass exhibited a 24% reduction in coverage when oxidiazon was applied 7 DBS and a 19% reduction when applied @ Sprig. Quinclorac applications made @ Sprig and 14 DAE reduced the grow-in of 'Tifdwarf' by an average of 19%. As also noted at the 4 and 7 Week after Sprigging rates, 'Salam' seashore paspalum coverage was reduced an average of 26% with oxidiazon applications. Although oxidiazon applications retarded the grow-in rate of 'Salam' seashore paspalum and 'Tifdwarf' bermudagrass, these treatments exhibited the greatest level of weed control (98-100%). Quinclorac applications, regardless of timing, only resulted in 76-88% control of crabgrass species [Digitaria sps. (DIGSP)], 76-90% control of goosegrass [Eleusine indica (L.) Gaertn. (ELEIN)], and 58-70% control of Old World Diamond-flower [Hedyotis corymbosa L. (OLDCO)]. In conclusion, despite application timing, quinclorac did not affect the grow-in of 'Meyer' zoysiagrass, 'TifSport' bermudagrass, and 'Salam' seashore paspalum. Although oxidiazon is the industry standard for preemergence weed control on newly sprigged areas, it did impede grow-in of 'TifSport' bermudagrass (1 of 3 ratings), 'Tifdwarf' bermudagrass (2 of 3 ratings), and 'Salam' seashore paspalum (3 of 3 ratings)." |
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| Language: | English |
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| References: | 0 |
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| Note: | This item is an abstract only! |
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| ASA/CSSA/SSSA Citation (Crop Science-Like - may be incomplete):
Unruh, J. B., and B. J. Brecke. 2001. Impact of quinclorac on newly sprigged warm-season turfgrasses. South. Weed Sci. Soc. Proc. 54:p. 71-72. |
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