Publication Type:
i
Report Author(s): Egley, G. H. ;
Rogers, B. J. Author Affiliation: Purdue University, Lafayette, Indiana Title: Some effects of chlordane on germination and growth of turf grasses Section: Weed control in turfOther records with the "Weed control in turf" Section Meeting Info.: Omaha, Nebraska: December 5-8, 1955 Source: Twelfth Annual Research Report: North Central Weed ControlConference . 1958, p. 35.# of Pages: 1 Publishing Information: [Lincoln, Nebraska]: [North Central Weed Science Society] Keywords: TIC Keywords: Chlordane ; Fungicide evaluation ; Germination ; Preemergence weed control ; Root growth ; Toxicity Abstract/Contents: "Chlordane, usually known as an insecticide, is being used with some success as a pre-emergence chemical for the control of crabgrass in turf. One would expect chlordane to be a general poison at the cellular level, since it is active in both the animal and plant kingdoms. However, this may not be true, as will be seen later. As a starting point in our study we used materials with which we are reasonably familiar; i.e., turf grasses. Various species of grass were sown in flats and treated both pre- and post-emergence with different amounts of chlordane. The post-emergence applications were made when the grasses had reached a height of 1/2-1 inch. Usually the chlordane was applied in 5% dust formulation at concentrations of 65 and 85 lb/A of actual chlordane. Most recommendations suggest 65 lb/A or less; our field tests indicate that 85 lb/A is a more suitable application. Other tests were run in petri dishes; seeds were placed on filter paper over a quantity of 5% dust. This procedure resulted essentially in saturated water solution. Germination and root and shoot growth could be followed more closely with this procedure. The pre-emergence tests indicated variations in tolerance to chlordane. Tall fescue was particularly tolerant, whereas Merion bluegrass and Chewings fescue were rather sensitive. Results are given below. [Table 1]. Post-emergence treatments indicated that chlordane is not particularly toxic to plants which are established fairly well; there was little if any reduction in stand for any of the species examined. The petri dish experiments gave some clues as to the manner in which chlordane acts as an herbicide. There was a reduction in germination which varied with species, and those seeds which germinated produced abnormal seedlings. Particularly striking was the reduction in root growth; this reduction by itself possibly could account for the observed decrease in shoot growth. Work done in England recently has shown that chlordane interferes with cell division in plants, and also that a certain fraction of commercial chlordane preparations is lethal to resting cells; these phenomena easily could account for the observed reduction in growth. It was also shown that once the plants are removed from contact with chlordane they recover. When one compares this action to chlordane with that in insects, where is it thought to interfere with the central nervous system, then it appears that chlordane must be something more than a general cellular poison. The results of this study have obvious practical applications. The increase in tolerance once these grasses have been developed a root system accounts for the safety with which chlordane may be used in established turf. At the same time, it would not be safe to apply chlordane to a newly-seeded lawn; particularly a bluegrass lawn. The large reduction in root growth could account for the variability in reports of field control of crabgrass. If crabgrass plants were well supplied with water and nutrients, they might overcome a chlordane treatment, if growing under conditions of moisture stress, with a poor root system, they probably would die." Language: English References: 0 Note: This item is an abstract only! ASA/CSSA/SSSA Citation (Crop Science -Like - may be incomplete ): Proc. North Cent. Weed Sci. Soc. p. 35.Fastlink to access this record outside TGIF: https://tic.msu.edu/tgif/flink?recno=240389 If there are problems with this record, send us feedback about record 240389 . Choices for finding the above item : SB 610 .N6 Request through your local library's inter-library loan service (bring or send a copy of this TGIF record)
