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Publication Type:
| Report |
Author(s): | Komatsu, Toshinori;
Shimizu, Norihiro;
Suzuki, Shinji |
Author Affiliation: | Pasture Plants Division, National Grassland Research Institute, Nishinasuno, Tochigi, Japan |
Title: | Studies on seed development and ripening in temperate grasses: VI. A comparison of the process of seed development and ripening in diploid and tetraploid cultivars of Italian ryegrass |
Source: | Bulletin of the National Grassland Research Institute. Vol. 17, November 1980, p. 87-91. |
# of Pages: | 5 |
Keywords: | TIC Keywords: Lolium multiflorum; Tetraploidy; Diploids; Seed weight; Seed moisture; Germination; Lolium; Ploidy
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Geographic Terms: | Japan |
Abstract/Contents: | "In the first1) and the second3) reports of this series, it has been found that the course of development and ripening of seed in diploid cultivar of Italian ryegrass is divided into five characteristic stages, based on the development of caryopsis and embryo. In tetraploid cultivars, Roberts2) and Williams4) have demonstrated the ripening process, based on the changes of moisture content and germination of seed. This investigation was conducted to determine the differences of the process of seed development and ripening between diploid and tetraploid cultivars under natural condition. The characters tested were fresh and dry weights of seed, condition of endosperm, moisture content and germination capacity. The results obtained were as follows: 1. The change of both fresh and dry weights of seed up to 10 days after flowering showed a little difference between diploid and tetraploid cultivars. The fresh and dry weights of seed of tetraploid cultivars increased rapidly from 10 days to 15 days after flowering, while those of diploid cultivars increased gradually. Diploid and tetraploid cultivars respectively took 20 days and about 25 days after flowering to reach the maximum dry weight. The maximum dry weight of diploid and tetraploid cultivars was 226-264 mg/100 seeds and 364-439 mg/100 seeds, respectively. After reaching the maximum weight, the fresh weight in both diploid and tetraploid decreased, whereas the dry weight was constant. 2. Moisture content of seed was maintained at a high level of about 70% for five days after flowering and then was decreased gradually. Diploid and tetraploid cultivars respectively took 20 days and 25 days after flowering to reach the moisture content below 50%. 3. The seed of both diploid and tetraploid cultivars was scarcely capable of germination at 5 days after flowering. Full germination of seed was obtained at about 15 days after flowering in diploid cultivars and at about 20 days after flowering in tetraploid cultivars. 4. It could be concluded from the above results that diploid and tetraploid cultivars have a similar pattern of seed development and ripening, based on the changes of seed weight, moisture content and germination capacity, although the length of seed development and ripening of tetraploid cultivars is longer than that of diploid cultivars. 5. The optimum time for seed harvesting of tetraploid cultivars is estimated to be at the latter half of the third developmental stage (25 days after flowering), when the seed reached a maximum weight and full germination capacity." |
Language: | Japanese |
References: | 4 |
Note: | English summary as abstract Graphs |
| ASA/CSSA/SSSA Citation (Crop Science-Like - may be incomplete): Komatsu, T., N. Shimizu, and S. Suzuki. 1980. Studies on seed development and ripening in temperate grasses: VI. A comparison of the process of seed development and ripening in diploid and tetraploid cultivars of Italian ryegrass. (In Japanese) Bull. Natl. Grassl. Res. Inst. 17:p. 87-91. |
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